By Kathryn Ibata-Arens
Japan's innovators and marketers have survived recession within the Nineties to prosper in today's aggressive company setting. This quantity explores the struggles of marketers and civic-minded neighborhood leaders in fostering cutting edge job, and identifies key company classes for an economic system wanting dynamic switch. Ibata-Arens bargains in-depth research of process in businesses, groups and in neighborhood executive. The booklet examines distinct case stories of high-technology brands in Kyoto, Osaka and Tokyo, in addition to bio-tech clusters in America--demonstrating far-reaching innovation and festival results in nationwide associations
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Extra info for Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Japan: Politics, Organizations, and High Technology Firms
Sample text
At the same time, Tsuji has been savvy enough to use the regional SME Center as a go-between in obtaining R&D funds from the government. Samco technologists have also participated in various networks and study groups sponsored by local government. Tsuji explains that in large firms such as Hitachi, with vast cadres of researchers, one problem is that a lot of money is spent on not very much innovation. The fact that giants like Hitachi have enormous political clout means that big firms can always depend on the government 42 Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Japan for favorable policies and special funds.
Many of its competitors were going under: of Namitei’s nail and bolt maker competitors, half had gone under by the end of the 1980s. The ones that survived did so on the basis of proprietary technology (‘‘Finding a Way out through Upgrading Technology’’ 1996). Namitei was at a crossroads – should they continue as a component and parts producer – and remain vulnerable to currency rate fluctuations and other external shocks – or try to develop final products? In 1985, in the midst of deliberations about the strategic direction of Namitei, Masatsugu Murao’s father suddenly died.
Firm-level strategies After introducing the entrepreneurs and their firms, I examine their struggles for independence, innovation, and competitiveness within the Japanese political economy. As a number of works have shown, the Japanese political economy has been dominated since the 1950s by 16 Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Japan a set of interlocking (insular and hierarchical) institutions that have undermined innovation in aggregate and at the local level (Ibata-Arens 2000a). Firm-level strategies in the face of these barriers involve two activities.