This ebook and vast video library supply a pragmatic consultant to the scientific neurological exam, a necessary software within the analysis of universal and weird neurological stipulations encountered within the outpatient sanatorium and health facility ward.
Each bankruptcy covers a distinct situation and makes use of a step by step process picking these features of the medical exam which are probably to steer you to the proper diagnosis
Over a hundred movies obtainable through QR codes within the booklet illustrate a variety of neurological signs
The textual content is seriously illustrated with transparent diagrams
Tables are used to checklist a few of the factors of specific signs
Key beneficial properties of the neurological exam which assist in attaining the right kind end are indexed as Tips
Primary care physicians, neurologists, and trainees getting ready for certifying examinations will locate this ebook a useful studying better half and crucial software for the prognosis of neurological problems.
Read or Download Neurological Clinical Examination: A Concise Guide (3rd Edition) PDF
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Additional info for Neurological Clinical Examination: A Concise Guide (3rd Edition)
Example text
1 Normal and broad based gait (from behind). ● Ask the patient to stand on their toes. This is a sensitive test for weakness in gastrocnemius–soleus. ● Ask the patient to stand on their heels. Failure to do this will confirm the presence of foot drop. 1, page 39). ● If the patient appears to be parkinsonian, check the righting reflex (see below). Further assessment There are a number of distinctive patterns of gait disturbance: ● One foot is lifted higher than the other during each stride. The affected foot hangs downwards while it is elevated.
The foot scrapes the ground. The arm on the same side does not swing and is flexed at the elbow. This is a hemiparetic gait. There may be obvious facial weakness. You will need to test tone, power and reflexes in the limbs. The most common cause in an adult is stroke. ● Both legs are held stiffly and show circumduction. The steps are short and slow, as though the patient is wading through water. The feet are inverted and may cross (‘scissor’). This is a spastic paraparetic or scissoring gait. It is seen in its most florid form in long-standing disorders, such as cerebral palsy and hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Use your screening tests on the face and legs to determine whether this is part of a hemiparesis. With a right hemiparesis, check for aphasia (see below). With a left hemiparesis, test for signs of neglect (sensory and visual), constructional apraxia and dressing apraxia. See Video 6: Dressing apraxia ● Weakness of the proximal muscles of both arms. This is likely to be due to a disorder of muscle (myopathy) or neuromuscular junction. Test power and reflexes in the lower limbs. There are several characteristic patterns of signs: • Weakness of all the proximal muscles of the arms and legs.