By Albrecht Neubert
The fundamental guiding principle this is that we don't translate phrases, yet texts, and that those competing versions might be built-in right into a extra international conception of translation by means of viewing the interpretation method as a essentially textual technique. The authors study intimately the features that make an exceptional translation a textual content, focusing really at the empirical courting among the idea of translation and it’s perform.
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The competence of the translator is not just a knowledge of the two language systems, but also a communicative knowledge. Communicative knowledge is knowing how to use language in specific interactional situations. Translation competence is the sum total of what a translator needs to know, and needs to know how to do, in order to translate. Translation competence activates several cognitive domains in an integrated process. < previous page page_37 next page > < previous page page_38 next page > Page 38 The translator uses linguistic knowledge, and he or she uses communicative knowledge, a knowledge of the different interaction patterns in the two cultural communities.
Too often translation theorists work backwards from a particular style or type of translation, seeking to justify it. At this point in the development of our discipline we need to focus on the observable facts of translation and proceed forward to the generation of verifiable general statements. Our observation of the facts of translation will probably show us that there is a virtual infinity of translation situations and a true infinity of translation results. The true stuff of translation studies is the body of translation practice, what translators actually do and how translation users react to what they do.
At the very least, it is an important part of the knowledge background of someone who wants to take on translation as a profession, as the knowledge of certain sciences is essential for the aspiring physician. The Text-linguistic Model The text-linguistic model of translation maintains that an original text and a translation are different not only because their sentences are different (having been determined by the linguistic rules of two different language systems), but also because there are constraints op- < previous page page_22 next page > < previous page page_23 next page > Page 23 erating at a level beyond the sentence.