By K. Anders Ericsson
Execs equivalent to doctors, plane pilots, legal professionals, and technical experts locate that a few of their friends have reached excessive degrees of feat which are tough to degree objectively. that allows you to comprehend to what volume it really is attainable to profit from those professional performers for the aim of supporting others increase their functionality, we first have to reproduce and degree this functionality. This booklet is designed to supply the 1st complete evaluate of analysis at the acquisition and coaching functionality as measured by way of target equipment instead of by way of subjective scores by means of supervisors. during this selection of articles, the world's most well known specialists speak about equipment for assessing the experts' wisdom and overview our wisdom on how we will degree specialist functionality and layout education environments that let starting and skilled pros to strengthen and continue their excessive degrees of functionality, utilizing examples from a variety of expert domain names.
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Additional info for Development of Professional Expertise: Toward Measurement of Expert Performance and Design of Optimal Learning Environments
Example text
Army (retired), one of the principal architects of the NTC, holds that battle capability is a function of three variables: weapons, proficiency of personnel, and tactics (Gorman, 1990, 1995). ” The P factor [as opposed to the weapons, W, factor] has a sizable, if less influential and well resourced proponency in most forces: the personnel management community, schools, centers, technical documenters, and unit commanders. … most evaluations of “training” for readiness, [are] related to the P factor: selecting, training, and manning competently weapon systems within a given unit.
They extract several points from the chapters about the role of feedback in learning. For example, they point to Baker’s (Chapter 15) criticisms of high stakes testing as providing feedback to school administrators rather than to the individual students to facilitate their learning. They show how PBL in medicine (Boshuizen, Chapter 16) and computer-supported learning in physics (VanLehn & van der Sande, Chapter 17) guide students to encode knowledge to support their ability to reason and apply it in future situations.
For example, he provides a detailed analysis of the superior performance displayed in one remarkable battle success during the original liberation of Iraq and analyzes the superior training that made it possible. He summarizes the reviewed research in the military and how it relates and supports the earlier identified themes of the book. In conclusion, he argues that the value and costs of increases in on-the-job performance as the result of specific training interventions should be measured and quantified to demonstrate its superiority to the field performance attained by the traditional approach of investing in developing technical solutions and buying the newest equipment while preserving or even reducing training.