Ecological Impacts of Tsunamis on Coastal Ecosystems: by Jotaro Urabe, Tohru Nakashizuka

By Jotaro Urabe, Tohru Nakashizuka

This booklet specializes in the ecological affects of the nice East Japan Earthquake and ensuing tsunamis, an extraordinary and very huge disturbance occasion, on a variety of coastal ecosystems in Japan’s Tohoku zone, together with sub-tidal and tidal animal groups, sand dune plant groups and coastal forests. The stories offered right here describe not just how species and populations in those ecosystems have been disturbed through the earthquake and tsunamis, but in addition how the groups have spoke back to the development and what forms of anthropogenic actions will abate their restoration processes.

In the ecological sciences, it's always argued that giant disturbances are serious to shaping group buildings and biodiversity in neighborhood and neighborhood habitats. even if, our realizing of those roles continues to be constrained, just because there were few possibilities to envision and tackle the ecological affects of enormous disturbance occasions. the size of the 2011 nice East Japan Earthquake makes it one of many greatest dangers some time past a thousand years. therefore, this publication presents a distinct chance to improve our figuring out of the ecological affects of huge and infrequent disturbances and the consequences of those occasions within the conservation and administration of coastal ecosystems.

Following an overview of the good East Japan Earthquake, the book’s content material is split into significant elements. half I experiences on experiences studying the ecological affects of the tsunamis on sub-tidal and tidal animal groups, whereas half II makes a speciality of terrestrial plant groups in Japan’s coastal Tohoku zone.

This e-book will gain all scientists attracted to the ecological affects of huge disturbances on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems usually, and particularly those people who are drawn to the ecological administration of coastal ecosystems and atmosphere established catastrophe hazard aid (EcoDRR).

Show description

By Jotaro Urabe, Tohru Nakashizuka

This booklet specializes in the ecological affects of the nice East Japan Earthquake and ensuing tsunamis, an extraordinary and very huge disturbance occasion, on a variety of coastal ecosystems in Japan’s Tohoku zone, together with sub-tidal and tidal animal groups, sand dune plant groups and coastal forests. The stories offered right here describe not just how species and populations in those ecosystems have been disturbed through the earthquake and tsunamis, but in addition how the groups have spoke back to the development and what forms of anthropogenic actions will abate their restoration processes.

In the ecological sciences, it's always argued that giant disturbances are serious to shaping group buildings and biodiversity in neighborhood and neighborhood habitats. even if, our realizing of those roles continues to be constrained, just because there were few possibilities to envision and tackle the ecological affects of enormous disturbance occasions. the size of the 2011 nice East Japan Earthquake makes it one of many greatest dangers some time past a thousand years. therefore, this publication presents a distinct chance to improve our figuring out of the ecological affects of huge and infrequent disturbances and the consequences of those occasions within the conservation and administration of coastal ecosystems.

Following an overview of the good East Japan Earthquake, the book’s content material is split into significant elements. half I experiences on experiences studying the ecological affects of the tsunamis on sub-tidal and tidal animal groups, whereas half II makes a speciality of terrestrial plant groups in Japan’s coastal Tohoku zone.

This e-book will gain all scientists attracted to the ecological affects of huge disturbances on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems usually, and particularly those people who are drawn to the ecological administration of coastal ecosystems and atmosphere established catastrophe hazard aid (EcoDRR).

Show description

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Extra resources for Ecological Impacts of Tsunamis on Coastal Ecosystems: Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake

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Nanba Density (ind/m2) 20 0 Fig. 6 Changes in average abundance of sea urchin Strongylocentrotus nudus (red line) on the wall of the Second Jetty in Sakihama and surface seawater temperature (blue line) in front of the wall at Sakihama fishing port in Iwate Prefecture. Error bars indicate standard deviation 2012 In winter 2012, S. cariosus grew to more than 10 mm in shell diameter (Fig. 5f). Abundance of the sea urchin had increased to about five individuals/m2 by the summer of 2012 (Fig. 6), and the abundance of S.

Kado and N. Nanba 2015 In the spring of 2015, abundances of S. cariosus and M. L. In contrast, carnivorous rock snails accumulated at the wall of the jetty in this experimental site (Fig. 5k). Besides, few oysters Crassostrea gigas settled on the jetty wall after the earthquake. Even when the number of barnacle individuals was reduced by the sea urchins in 2015, the oyster never dominated in the mid-littoral zone. 4 Conclusion A variety of benthic organisms occurred on the jetty wall of Sakihama at the Sanriku coast after the ground subsidence caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011.

In addition, the tsunami impact on populations of the selected species should be estimated over a large spatial scale encompassing the entire metapopulation. Furthermore, changes in abundances between before and after the tsunami, as an indicator of the tsunami impact on each species, should be standardized to population variability under normal conditions for each species. To our knowledge, however, no previous studies have met these conditions. The Great East Japan Earthquake occurred on 11 March 2011, which triggered a mega-tsunami (the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami) with a run-up height that reached 40 m (Mori et al.

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