By Steven M. Kurtz Ph.D.
Content material:
Dedication
, Page ii
Front Matter
, Pages ii-iii
Copyright
, Page iv
Foreword
, Pages vii-viii
List of Contributors
, Pages ix-x
Chapter 1 - an outline of PEEK Biomaterials
, Pages 1-7
Chapter 2 - Synthesis and Processing of PEEK for Surgical Implants
, Pages 9-22
Chapter three - Compounds and Composite Materials
, Pages 23-48
Chapter four - Morphology and Crystalline structure of Polyaryletherketones
, Pages 49-60
Chapter five - Fracture, Fatigue, and Notch habit of PEEK
, Pages 61-73
Chapter 6 - Chemical and Radiation balance of PEEK
, Pages 75-79
Chapter 7 - Biocompatibility of Polyaryletheretherketone Polymers
, Pages 81-92
Chapter eight - Bacterial Interactions with Polyaryletheretherketone
, Pages 93-117
Chapter nine - Thermal Plasma Spray Deposition of Titanium and Hydroxyapatite on Polyaryletheretherketone Implants
, Pages 119-143
Chapter 10 - floor amendment concepts of Polyetheretherketone, together with Plasma floor Treatment
, Pages 145-161
Chapter eleven - Bioactive Polyaryletherketone Composites
, Pages 163-179
Chapter 12 - Porosity in Polyaryletheretherketone
, Pages 181-199
Chapter thirteen - functions of Polyaryletheretherketone in Spinal Implants: Fusion and movement Preservation
, Pages 201-220
Chapter 14 - Isoelastic Polyaryletheretherketone Implants for overall Joint Replacement
, Pages 221-242
Chapter 15 - purposes of Polyetheretherketone in Trauma, Arthroscopy, and Cranial disorder Repair
, Pages 243-260
Chapter sixteen - Arthroplasty Bearing Surfaces
, Pages 261-275
Chapter 17 - FDA rules of Polyaryletheretherketone Implants
, Pages 277-292
Index
, Pages 293-298
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Extra info for PEEK Biomaterials Handbook
Sample text
A plunger is inserted into the barrel until it is in contact with the rod. It is then pushed along under considerable force, pressing the material into the mold in which the material takes up the shape of the cavity. Step 3dFollow-up pressure and cooling The mold is cooled under pressure, whereupon the PEEK matrix cools, crystallizes, and solidifies, creating a stiff composite part, which is then demolded below the glass transition temperature (143 C). A key feature of this process is that, unlike injection molding, it is able to use continuous fiber-reinforced PEEK with high fiber loading (60e65% by volume).
The tensile, shear and compression strength, and modulus do not correspond with those measured on an injection-molded test bar, because the fiber orientation distribution in such a test bar has usually been substantially optimized to be somewhat aligned along the length of the bar, parallel to the direction of applied load. The real fiber arrangement in a molded part could be somewhat less optimized in the weakest areas and here the strength is usually only a fraction of the maximum possible. This has important design implications and has been the subject of much research as attempts have been made to predict polymer flow, fiber orientation, and mechanical properties for given part geometries, materials’ flow characteristics and molding conditions.
1), whereas the fiber length distribution observed in injection-molded parts is as illustrated in Fig. 14 and cumulatively in Fig. 15. 4 mm) in length, so they are much shorter than their initial starting length of 6 mm. This reduction in average fiber length in injection-molded parts occurs as a result of fiber attrition during processing at both the compounding and injection molding stages. Both the processes involve shear mixing and significant flow of material under high pressure, which breaks the fibers into the fragments recorded in the fiber length analysis.