By Vishram Singh
The higher limb is the organ of the physique, liable for handbook actions. it really is freely movable, in particular its distal segment—the hand, that is tailored for greedy and manipulating the items. a quick description of comparative anatomy of the limbs might facilitate figuring out in their constitution and serve as.
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Extra info for Textbook of Anatomy Upper Limb and Thorax.
Example text
2. 3. 4. Pectoralis major. Pectoralis minor. Subclavius. 5) It is the largest muscle of the pectoral region. Lateral cutaneous nerves (T3–T6) Origin Pectoralis major muscle is thin fan shaped and arises by two heads, viz. Fig. 2 Cutaneous nerves of the pectoral region. 1. The skin above the horizontal line drawn at the level of sternal angle is supplied by supraclavicular nerves (C3 and C4). 2. The skin below this horizontal line is supplied by anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the 2nd–6th intercostal nerves (T2–T6).
Aspect of chest wall, hence, it is not a muscle of pectoral region but grouped with pectoral muscles for convenience of study and surgical significance. 35 36 Textbook of Anatomy: Upper Limb and Thorax PECTORALIS MAJOR Clavicular head Sternocostal head Origin 1. Anterior surface of the medial half of clavicle 2. Anterior surface of the sternum Clinical testing: On lifting a heavy rod, the clavicular head becomes prominent and when one attempts to depress the rod, the sternocostal head becomes prominent.
Clinical correlation • Bennet’s fracture: It is an oblique fracture of the base of 1st metacarpal. It is intra-articular and may be associated with subluxation or dislocation of metacarpal. • Boxer’s fracture (Fig. 19): It is fracture of neck of metacarpal, and most commonly involves neck of 5th metacarpal. PHALANGES There are 14 phalanges in each hand: two in thumb and three in each finger. PARTS AND FEATURES Each phalanx is a short long bone and has three parts: (a) base (proximal end), (b) head (distal end), and (c) shaft (extending between the two ends).