By Alex Segura-Ubiergo
This publication is without doubt one of the first makes an attempt to research how constructing nations in the course of the early twenty-first century have tested structures of social safeguard (i.e. pension and poverty courses, and public future health and schooling platforms) and the way those platforms were laid low with the hot techniques of globalization (i.e. better publicity to overseas exchange and capital markets) and democratization. The publication specializes in Latin American - a pioneer in social rules within the constructing global - to spot elements linked to the evolution of welfare country guidelines through the pre-globalization interval (1920-1979), and stories how globalization and democratization within the final 25 years have affected governments' monetary dedication to social spending.
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Additional info for The Political Economy of the Welfare State in Latin America: Globalization, Democracy, and Development
Sample text
These three case studies enhance substantially the analysis and contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms through which globalization and economic reform put pressure on the welfare state, how these effects are mediated by domestic political institutions such as regime type, and the balance of partisan power among political parties and interest associations. The case studies also provide an opportunity to take the analysis of the welfare state beyond the black box of social expenditures and look into, for example, changes in the organization and delivery of social services.
These countries have been chosen for three interrelated reasons. 3). In the 1970s and 1980s, GDP per capita levels in these three countries were rather similar. , infant mortality and illiteracy) were much worse in Peru than in Chile or Costa Rica. No comparison among Latin American countries with similar GDP per capita levels produces such contrasting differences in terms of welfare state development and social welfare outcomes. If economic development is one of the most important factors in the expansion of the welfare state, why did Costa Rica and Chile develop a more comprehensive system of social protection than Peru?
These elites often acted not in response to specific class demands but rather 7 8 9 A good summary of these changes is Huber (1996). Mesa-Lago (1989, 40) notes the close relationship between the timing of the initiation of the first social security programs and the historical depth and scope of the welfare system that later developed. All the countries within the group of early reformers have developed fairly extensive systems of social protection – at least for developing-world standards. , Costa Rica) has evolved into a relatively advanced welfare state.