By Hans Maier
We're used to distinguishing the despotic regimes of the twentieth century - communism, fascism, nationwide Socialism, Maoism - very accurately in line with position and time, origins and affects. yet what should still we name that which they've got in universal? in this query, there was and remains to be a passionate debate.
This ebook files the 1st overseas convention in this subject matter, a convention that came about in September of 1994 on the college of Munich. The booklet indicates how new versions for knowing political historical past arose from the adventure of recent despotic regimes. the following, an important techniques - totalitarianism and political religions - are mentioned and validated when it comes to their usefulness.
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399; Vol. XXVII, p. 11. 58 Opera omnia di Benito Mussolini, Vol. XXXIV, p. 119. 59 On the biography of Gentile, see Jürgen Charnitzky, Die Schulpolitik des faschistischen Regimes in Italien (1922–1943) (Tubigen, 1994). 60 Opera omnia di Benito Mussolini, Vol. XXI, p. 362; Vol. XXIV, p. 101. 61 Opera omnia di Benito Mussolini, Vol. XXIII, p. 269. 62 On this differentiation, compare Martin Jänicke, Totalitäre Herrschaft. Anatomie eines politischen Zugriffs (Berlin, 1971). ), Dizionario di politica, 4 vols (Rome: Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana Treccani, 1940).
416. 70 Piero Calamandrei, Diario 1939–1945 (Florence, 1982), 2 vols. See, for example, Vol. I, pp. 23, 44, 76, 114, 205, 222, citation on p. 76. 71 Giuseppe Bottai, Diario 1935–1944 (Milan, 1982). Also Diario 1944–1948 (Milan, 1988). 72 Giuseppe Bottai, Ventianni e un giorno (Milan, 1949), p. 56. 73 Vittorio Zincone, Lo Stato totalitario (Rome, 1947). 74 Characteristic in this context is the history of the reception of Hannah Arendt. Her principle work, The Origins of Totalitarianism (1951), was first translated in 1967 (Milan: Comimità) Totalitarianism and political 20 and remained without a larger resonance.
10 ff. 10 Palmiro Togliatti, Lezioni sul fascismo (Rome, 1970), p. 20. Ledeen (Stuttgart, 1977), p. 111. 12 Renzo De Felice, ‘Le origini del fascismo’, Nuove questioni di storia contemporanea, Vol. I (Milan, 1968), p. 734. 13 Reinhart Koselleck, ‘Einleitung’, Geschichtliche Grundbegriffe, Historisches Lexikon zur politisch-sozialen Sprache in Deutschland, Vol. I (Stuttgart, 1972), pp. xiv, xv, xx. 14 Karl Dietrich Bracher, Zeitgeschichtliche Kontroversen. Um Faschismus, Totalitarismus, Demokratie (Munich, 1976), p.